Risk factors of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy and pancreaticojejunostomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of clinically-relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and penetrating pancreaticojejunostomy (PPJ).Methods:The clinical data of 108 patients who underwent PD and PPJ in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2017 to October 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, including 65 males and 43 females, aged 65.5 (54.2, 72.0) years. The incidences of POPF, biliary fistula, abdominal bleeding and other related complications were reviewed. The related factors of CR-POPF were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the statistically significant factors were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 108 patients were successfully treated with PD, including laparoscopic PD in 76 cases (70.4%) and open PD in 32 cases (29.6%). PPJ was performed in PD, including the continuous fashion in 39 cases (36.1%), intermittent fashion in 49 cases (45.4%) and modified continuous fashion in 20 cases (18.5%). The operation time was 390.0 (314.0, 480.0) min, the intraoperative blood loss was 200.0 (100.0, 384.0) ml, the postoperative hospital stay was 12.0 (10.0, 15.0) d, and the incidence of POPF (grade B + C) was 11.1% (12/108). Body mass index, pancreatic CT value and pancreatic duct size were the significant factors of CR-POPF (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=0.895, 95% CI: 0.822-0.975), pancreatic CT value ( OR=0.812, 95% CI: 0.698-0.946) and pancreatic duct size ( OR=0.457, 95% CI: 0.220-0.952) were risk factors of CR-POPF after PPJ (all P<0.05). Conclusion:PPJ is a safe method of pancreaticoenterostomy, and CR-POPF may be related to younger patients, lower pancreatic CT value and the smaller pancreatic duct size.

NEK7 promotes breast cancer cells proliferation by inducing NLRP3 inflammasome / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of NIMA-related kinase-7 (NEK7) in breast cancer (BC) and its potential molecular mechanism.Methods:Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of NEK7 in BC tissue and cell lines. The effect of NEK7 on BC cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8. Proteins interacted with NEK7 were screened in Biological database. The effect of overexpression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) on BC cell proliferation was evaluated. Western blot was used to detect NLRP3 protein expression, and ELISA was employed to evaluate IL-1β and IL-18 expression level.Result:NEK7 was upregulated in BC tissues and cells, and enforced-expression of NEK7 promoted BC cell proliferation[NEK7 over-expression group: 24 h: (0.33±0.02) , 48 h: (0.59±0.02) , 72 h: (0.76±0.02) ; Blank group: 24 h: (0.30±0.02) , 48 h: (0.45±0.02) , 72 h: (0.62±0.03) ; NEK7 empty vector group: 24 h: (0.32±0.02) , 48 h: (0.46±0.02) , 72 h: (0.63±0.03) ]. There was a positive correlation between NEK7 and NLRP3 ( R=0.13) . Overexpression of NLRP3 increased the proliferation ability of BC cell[NLRP3 over-expression group: 24 h: (0.35±0.02) , 48 h: (0.65±0.02) , 72 h: (0.80±0.03) ; Blank group: 24 h: (0.33±0.02) , 48 h: (0.51±0.02) , 72 h: (0.66±0.03) ; NLRP3 empty vector group: 24 h: (0.34±0.02) , 48 h: (0.52±0.03) , 72 h: (0.66±0.03) ]. NEK7 could positively regulate NLRP3 protein and up-regulate IL-1β (NEK7 over-expression group: 129.96±7.62 pg/ml, Blank group: 19.80±2.42pg/ml, NEK7 empty vector group: 21.30±1.77 pg/ml) and IL-18 (NEK7 over-expression group: 144.08±17.20 pg/ml, Blank group: 16.84±2.34pg/ml, NEK7 empty vector group: 17.64±1.94 pg/ml) expression. Conclusion:The upregulation of NEK7 was involved in the process of BC progression by inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting that NEK7 might be a promising therapeutic target for BC.

miR-483-5p promote adrenocortical cancer proliferation and invasion via down-regulation of CDK15 / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of miR-483-5p in adrenocortical cancer (ACC) and its possible mechanism.Methods:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to estimate the expression of miR-483-5p and CDK15 in ACC tissues and cell lines. The effects of miR-483-5p on proliferation were determined in vitro using CCK-8 proliferation assays, the changes of invasion of ACC cells were examined by Transwell. The molecular mechanism underlying the relevance between miR-483-5p and CDK15 was confirmed by luciferase assay and rescue assays.Results:We found a relatively higher miR-483-5p (2.36±1.02 vs 1.09±0.43) and lower CDK15 (0.57±0.26 vs 1.06±0.32) expression in ACC specimens and cell lines. CDK15 was verified as a direct target of miR-483-5p by luciferase assay. over-expression of miR-483-5p promoted proliferation (24 h: 0.26±0.03 vs 0.23±0.04, 48 h: 0.56±0.05 vs 0.41±0.03, 72 h: 0.73±0.04 vs 0.59±0.03) and invasion (95.78±4.66 vs 23.89±2.52) by down-regulating CDK15 expression.Conclusion:miR-483-5p plays a tumorigenesis role in ACC progression by down-regulating CDK15 expression, which may lead to a novel insight to the potential biomarker and novel therapeutic strategies for ACC.

Current progress in antimicrobial peptides against bacterial biofilms / 生物工程学报

Microbial biofilm, a consortium of microbial cells protected by a self-produced polymer matrix, is considered as one main cause of current bacterial drug resistance. As a new type of antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial peptides provide a new strategy for the treatment of antibiotic resistant bacteria biofilm infections. Antimicrobial peptides have shown unique advantages in preventing microbial colonization of surfaces, killing bacteria in biofilms or disrupting the mature biofilm structure. This review systemically analyzes published data in the recent 30 years to summarize the possible anti-biofilm mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides. We hope that this review can provide reference for the treatment of infectious diseases by pathogenic microbial biofilm.

Pulmonary extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a clinicopathological analysis of eleven cases / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT).@*Methods@#Eleven cases of newly diagnosed (10 puncture biopsies and 1 transbronchial biopsy), previously untreated pulmonary ENKTL-NT were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from August 2013 to November 2018. The clinicopathological features including histomorphology, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were collected and analyzed.@*Results@#Among the 11 cases, 8 were males and 3 were females, with a male to female ratio of 8∶3.The age range was from 30 to 74 years, with an average of 48 years and a median of 43 years. Tumors involved bilateral lung lobes in 8 cases, the upper left lobe in 1 case, lower left lobe in 1 case, and upper right lobe in 1 case. Main clinical symptoms included fever, often accompanied by cough, and bloody sputum in most cases. All cases were stage Ⅳ E. Histological features included scattered or focal aggregates of marked pleomorphic tumor lymphocytes, accompanied by necrosis and heavy admixture of inflammatory cells. In a few cases, diffuse neoplastic lymphocytes or vascular central and destructive infiltrations were seen. Tumor cells in most cases expressed CD3ε, CD3, CD43, CD56, TIA-1, granzyme B, but did not express CD20, CD79a, and CD5. Ki-67 index ranged from 40%to 90%.All cases were positive for EBER by in situ hybridization. Four of five patients died during follow-up with a survival period of only 1 week to 13 months.@*Conclusions@#Pulmonary ENKTL-NT is rare, high grade malignancy with a poor prognosis. Misdiagnosis is common due to lesional necrosis and heterogeneous cell components. Immunohistochemistry and EBER in situ hybridization are essential for accurate diagnosis.

Expression and clinical significance of PD-1/PD-Ls in EBV-positive T/NK lymphoprolif-erative disorders / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed death-ligand 2 (PD-L2), and their receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in EBV-positive T/NK lymphoproliferative disease [Epstein-Barr virus-positive T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferative disease, EBV(+)-T/NK-LPD]. Methods: The pathological paraffin-embedded tissues of 17 patients with EBV(+)-T/NK-LPD from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to December 2017 were collected. These patients include 12 males and 5 females, aged 10-82 years old, the average age being 29 years, 4 people in gradeⅠ, 7 in gradeⅡ, 3 in gradeⅢ, and 3 people with hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorders. Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in human EBV(+)-T/NK-LPD tissues. The relationship between PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 expression, and clinicopathological parameters, pathological grades and prognosis were analyzed by Fisher's exact probabilities and Spearman rank correlation. Result: After statistical analysis, the results showed that in 17 cases of tissue samples, there were 12 cases with positive PD-1 expression, 6 cases with positive PD-L1 expression and 5 cases with positive PD-L2 expression. There was no significant correlation between PD-1 and PD-L2 expression and prognosis (P>0.05). PD-L1 expression showed a positive correlation with prognosis (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 with age, sex, as well as LDH and Ki-67 levels (P>0.05). Moreover, there was no significant correlation of PD-1 and PD-L2 expression with pathological grade (r=0.141, r=-0.149, both P>0.05). However, there was a negative correlation between the PD-L1 expression and pathological grade (r=-0.563), and the correlation between the PD-L1 ex-pression and pathological grade was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 are abnormally expressed in the pathological tissues of EBV(+)-T/NK-LPD. Although there was no significant correlation between the expression of PD-1 and prognosis or pathological grade, it was significantly higher in EBV+T/NK-LPD. PD-1/PD-Ls associated signaling pathway is expected to be a potential new target for EBV(+)-T/NK-LPD immunotherapy.

Detection and analysis of EBV DNA integration in NK/T cell lymphoma genome / 中国肿瘤临床

To investigate the presence of integrated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in the NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) ge-nome and analyze the integration information in the genome of NKTCL cell lines. Methods: PCR and in situ hybridization were used to detect EBV infection in five EBV (+) NK/T samples and four EBV (-) NK/T samples provided by the biobanks of the First Affiliated Hospi-tal of Zhengzhou University. Whole-genome DNA of the samples was sequenced and subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Whole-ge-nome sequence alignment was used to identify the EBV integration sequence. BLAST analysis was used to compare EBV fasta files of the samples and EBV fasta library. CREST software was used to extract softclip reads, filter all paired reads, and enumerate their distri-bution on chromosomes. The integrated genomics viewer (IGV) was used to compare the distribution of reads in partial regions of chromosome. PCR was used to amplify the high-frequency integration region of the EBV DNA. The amplified fragments were sanger se-quenced. Results: EBV DNA and EBER expression were detected in five EBV (+) NK/T samples but not in the four EBV (-) NK/T samples. Sequencing depth, coverage depth, proportion of coverage, and proportion of alignment all met the requirements for subsequent re-search. Sequence alignment revealed that the captured sequences were viral sequences. Filtered reads were most numerous in EBV (+) NKTCL cell line SNK, YTS, and EBV (+) nasal NKTCL tissue. The reads were non-randomly enriched in chromosome 2. EBV DNA inte-gration in the 400 bp region of chr2:30234084-30234483 caused insertion or deletion in the chr2p23.1 site. Conclusions: EBV DNA is highly integrated in the chr2p23.1 site of EBV (+) NKTCL cells and may affect the expression of related genes.

Clinicopathological studies on primary renal lymphoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To explore the characteristics of clinical pathology, diagnosis, and prognosis of primary renal lymphoma (PRL).Methods: The clinical features, pathological features, immune phenotypes, treatment, and prognosis of 22 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The PRL patients' ages ranged from 2 to 72 years (mean, 54.3 years), of which 13 patients were older than 50 years (59.1%). All of the 22 patients were diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), including 20 cases of B-cell lymphoma and 2 cases of T-cell lymphoma. Seven patients were still alive and survived for 6-50 months, but the other 15 were dead and survived for only 5-35 months. Conclusion: PRL is uncommon. Clinical manifestations and imaging performance specificity are not obvious. and easily misdiagnosed. Histopathology is still the golden standard for the final diagnosis of this entity. The kidney is most easily involved followed by the bladder. B-cell NHL is the common subtype, and the most common type is the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Up to now,no standard regime could be performed for PRL patients. At present, comprehensive therapy, including surgery and chemotherapy, is recommended. For patients with locally advanced or highly aggressive status, therapeutic effect with chemotherapy alone is usually satisfied.

Reasons for conversion to laparotomy in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the reasons for conversion to laparotomy in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD).Methods Of the 74 patients who underwent LPD in Yi Jishan Hospital,Wan Nan Medical College from May 2012 to Dec 2016,7 patients were converted to laparotomy.The clinical and operative data of the 7 patients were reviewed.Results There were 6 males and 1 female.The age ranged was 51 to 66 years.The pathologies included tumor of pancreatic head in 5 patients,chronic inflammation of pancreas in 1 patient and duodenum papilla cancer in 1 patient.The reasons for conversion were:uncontrollable bleeding in 4 patients with superior mesenteric vein injury in 1 patient,portal vein injury in 1 patient and first jejunal vein injury in 2 patients,respectively.The bleeding was controlled successfully after laparotomy in all the 4 patients.The conversion in the remaining 3 patients were due to difficulty in the operative procedures which resulted from severe adhesions between the tumor and the major vessels.There were 2 patients who had invasion of the SMV by tumor.They underwent vascular resection after laparotomy.The remaining patient had chronic inflammation and the lesion was resected successfully after careful dissection.Of the 7 patients,1 patient developed pancreatic fistula,1 patient developed delayed gastric emptying and 1 patient developed both bile leakage and delayed gastric emptying.They were all treated conservatively.There was no peri-operative death in the study.Conclusion Uncontrollable bleeding and severe adhesions between the lesion and major vessels were the major reasons in LPD for conversion to laparotomy.

Advances in intraductal therapy for breast cancer prevention and treatment / 中国肿瘤临床

The understanding of the biological behavior of breast cancer has deepened, hence, local treatments for breast cancer have changed from resection to minimally invasive surgery. For patients with early breast cancer, constructing a minimally invasive interven-tion with low systemic toxicity is a problem, especially for cases involving precancerous lesions. Intraductal therapy for breast cancer, which is performed by inserting reagents through breastfeeding openings using suitable carriers, is a promising, accurate, and minimal-ly invasive method for breast cancer prevention and treatment. The combination of intraductal therapy with new therapeutic strate-gies, such as targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy, might improve the therapeutic effect. Moreover, the mecha-nisms of intraductal therapy for breast cancer incorporate nanotechnology, molecular imaging, and gene sequencing. Intraductal thera-py is based on clinical and pathologic characteristics of Chinese breast cancer patients, and such characteristics must be determined prior to clinical application. This article mainly discusses the research progress of breast intraductal intervention.

The clinical features and prognosis of EBER negative extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The ENKTL incidence in China is much higher than that in the Western countries. The disease is highly malignant, not sensitive to chemotherapy, has short survival period and poor prognosis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has close relationship with the development of the disease. However, there are still a few patients without EBV infection. This study aimed to discuss the clinical features and prognosis of EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization negative ENKTL.Methods:From Aug. 2011 to Oct. 2015, 326 cases were diagnosed with ENKTL from the First Affliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The expression of EBER was detected by in situ hy-bridization technique. The clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of EBER-negative patients were analyzed. Results:In 326 patients with ENKTL, the negative rate of EBER was 2.45% (8/326). In 8 EBER-negative patients, the median survival time was 17 months. The log-rank test revealed that there was a signiifcant difference between EBER-negative and EBER-positive curves (χ2=6.407,P=0.011). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that in EBER-negative ENKTL, only lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) predicted survival time (P=0.008). EBV-DNA copy number in plasma was not signiifcantly correlated with survival time (P>0.05).Conclusion:The inci-dence of EBER-negative ENKTL is low. Patients with EBER-negative ENKTL have poorer prognosis than EBER-posi-tive patients. Elevated LDH may be a factor indicating poor prognosis.

Comparative study of seamless welding in cholecystectomy / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility of high-frequency electric welding systemin cholecyste-ctomy when compared with ultrasound scalpel , Ligasure and traditional scalpel. Methods Ninety-six rabbits were enrolled in the study and divided into high-frequency electric welding system group , ultrasound scalpel group , Ligasure group and traditional scalpel group. The working temperature was recorded. Eight rabbits of each group were killed to observe the occlusion at 1st, 4th, 7th day postoperatively. Tissues were collected for observation under HE staining. Results High-frequency electric welding system group excelled in operative time , bleeding, working temperature, granulation tissue and inflammatory reaction. No significant difference was found in preope-rative and postoperative liver function test. Conclusion High-frequency electric welding system in cholecyste-ctomy has similar effect as ultrasound scalpel and Ligasure.

Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy: right-inferior-posterior "artery first" approach / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the application of right-inferior-posterior "artery first" approach in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 17 patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy through right-inferior-posterior "artery first" approach in our department from February 2014 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The operation began at the inferior flexure of duodenum. After entering the Toldt's space, the left renal vein (LRV) was revealed and the root of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was exposed just above the LRV. SMA was dissected along its trunk till the horizontal part of duodenum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of these 17 cases, adenocarcinoma of pancreatic head was observed in 5 cases, adenosquamous carcinoma in 2 cases, mucinous cycstic neoplasm in 1 case, adenocarcinoma of lower common bile duct in 4 cases, and duodenal papilla cancer in 5 cases. Fifteen cases were accomplished successfully with laparoscopy and 2 cases were converted to open approach. The average operating time was (320 ± 85) min and mean intraoperative blood loss was (305 ± 175) ml. The cutting margins were tumor negative in all the patients. The average number of harvested lymph node was 15.4 ± 6.5. Postoperative complication occurred in 5 cases. Two cases of bile leakage and 2 cases of pancreatic fistula were cured with conservative treatment. One case of delayed abdominal hemorrhage was resolved with reoperation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Right-inferior-posterior "artery first" approach is safe and feasible in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.</p>

Detection and significance of BRAF gene in mature T/NK cell lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>we aimed to investigate the mutation and expression of BRAF gene in mature T/NK cell lymphoma tissues and cell lines, explore the correlation between gene alterations and clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of mature T/NK cell lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Firstly, we detected common mutant sites of BRAF (locus 1 799 mutation in exon 15 and loci 463, 465 and 468 mutation in exon 11) in lymphoma Jurkat, Hut-78 and YTS cell lines, normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, different types of mature T/NK cell lymphoma and reactive hyperplasia lymph nodes by direct sequencing. Then we measured the expression of BRAF in Jurkat, Hut-78, YTS cells and normal peripheral blood lymphocytes by real time-PCR and Western-blot detection. We also used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the expression of BRAF in mature T/NK cell lymphoma tissues and reactive hyperplasia lymph nodes, and to analyze the correlation between the expression of BRAF and clinocopathological features and clinical outcomes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We did not find common BRAF mutation in mature T/NK cell lymphoma tissues and cell lines, and the relatively expression of BRAF gene mRNA in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, YTS, Hut-78 and Jurkat cells were 1.000, 5.207±0.013, 8.412±0.615 and 36.720±1.797, respectively, and protein expressions were 0.051±0.003, 0.102±0.013, 0.113±0.017 and 0.304±0.010, respectively, and the expression of BRAF in peripheral T cell lymphoma Jurkat cells was significantly higher than that of Hut-78, YTS cells and normal lymphocytes (P<0.05). Only 6 of 58 peripheral T cell lymphomas (10.3%) had positive BRAF expression, and were the subgroups of peripheral T cell lymphoma-unspecified type. The statistical data did not show any correlation between positive expression of BRAF and gender, age, clinical stage, location, lactate dehydrogenase in the 21 cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma-unspecified type (P<0.05), but the positive rate of BRAF in the effective treatment group (8.3%) was significantly lower than that of the invalid group (55.6%, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of BRAF gene may become a marker of malignant biological characteristics and clinical therapeutic target of peripheral T cell lymphoma.</p>

Presence of B-cell clones in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the significance of B-cell clones in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) and the correlation with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The histopathologic features, T cell clonality and EBV positivity in 33 cases of AITL and 10 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) collected from May 2010 to February 2014 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, PCR gene rearrangement and in situ hybridization. Follow-up data were also collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 33 cases with AITL, seven cases (21.2%) exhibited clonal rearrangement of Ig genes; 21 cases (63.6%) were EBV positive. Seven cases had B-cell clones and all (7/7) were EBV positive; 14 of the 26 (53.8%) cases without B-cell clones were EBV positive. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.032). Four levels were made according to the number of EBV-labeled cells, Ig gene rearrangements, but there was no significant difference among levels 1, 2 and 3. There was no correlation between B-cell clones and prognosis (P = 0.263).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Clonal rearrangement of Ig genes is a common finding in AITL, and it is highly associated with EBV positivity, but not with the number of EBV-labeled cells. The clinical significance remains unclear; further study with more samples is warranted.</p>

Utilization of combined flow cytometry and clonal TCR gene rearrangements in the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the usefulness of combined flow cytometry (FCM) and polymerasechain reaction examination for clonal TCR gene rearrangements in the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma (T-NHL). Methods Histopathologic features, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, cytomorphologic evaluation and TCR gene rearrangements of 32 T-NHL were reviewed retrospectively. The control cases were 18 reactive lesions and 1 histiocytic necrotizing lymphaderitis. Results Out of 32 T-NHL,23 were diagnosed as T-NHL by FCM / TCR gene rearrangements. Of 19 control group, 17 were diagnosed as reactive lesions by FCM / TCR gene rearrangements. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 71.9%, 89.5% and 78.4%, respectively. Conclusions FCM / TCR gene rearrangement is a very important technique in diagnosing T-NHL. Thus, patients with fine needle aspiration cytology can be saved from having an invasive surgery.

Chronic suppurative otitis media induced subarachnoid hemorrhage: case analysis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

We present a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by chronic suppurative otitis media and discuss the possible mechanism here. Chronic suppurative otitis media is a common suppurative inflammation of middle ear, which can cause sorts of extracranial and intracranial complications in the situation of lower resistance or higher virulence. However, the condition of subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by chronic suppurative otitis media is quite rare. According to this case and previously published articles, we consider that meningitis may be the main reason of subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by chronic suppurative otitis media.